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Urban Spatial Design Theory

Filed Under theory of architecture 

urban-spatial-design-theory

urbspasialdesign.jpgTheories of Urban Spatial Design, Roger Trancik

Figure Ground Theory

The city as a clearly defined system of solids and voids. The building coverage is denser than the exterior space, thereby giving shape to the public openings. (1) Figure-ground theory: In this approach, the starting point for an understanding of urban form is the analysis of relationships between building mass and open space. Figure-ground analyses are powerful tools for identifying the textures and patterns of the urban fabric as well as problems in its spatial order, but can lead to a static and two-dimensional conception of space.

Linkage Theory

The linkage theory involves the organization of lines that connect the parts of the city and the design of a spatial datum from these lines relate buildings to space. (2) Linkage theory: In this approach dynamics of circulation become the generators of urban form. The emphasis on connection and movement is a significant contribution, but the need for spatial definition is sometimes undervalued.

Place Theory

Place theory represent the third category of urban-design theories. The essence of place theory in spatial design lies in understanding the cultural and human characteristics of physical space. If in abstract, physical terms, space is a bounded or purposeful void with the potential of physically linking things, it only becomes place when it is given a contextual meaning derived from cultural or regional content.

(3) Place theory: Designers have increasingly become aware of the importance of historic, cultural, and social values in urban open space. Contextualists have argued strongly against the tendency of the Functionalists to impose abstract designs from the outside.

From the book “ Finding Lost Space: Theories of Urban Design “ (Wiley, John & Sons, Incorporated, 1986)

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