Edited from Ariyanti (2008): “Themed Town, Thames Town” an unpublished article for Campus of Architecture and Urban Planning at Tongji University, Shanghai
It was a cloudy Saturday and our group of formerly 14 people has been reduced to 8 from the morning visit to Anting New Town. Exhausted, we found out that Thames Town is really far out from to the other direction, the only way to get there was with a cab, since our limited Chinese, we asked our friend to instruct the taxi driver how to get there. After …

Conclusion
As the examples each explain the differences and resemblances of the different types of festivities, I would like to point out here the lessons we can learn from the production of public space by these activities.

 
Study Case – 3
 
National – Bastille Day, France
We would not discuss the details of the long history in French Revolution. I will just refresh the memory of how things were and put more emphasize in the use of public space and the actors behind it. Bastille Day was declared as French national holiday on 6th of July 1880 as the birth of the Republic. However, on 14th of July 1790, the first celebration was held at Champs-de-Mars between the Ecole Militaire and the river Seine.

 
Study Case 2
Monarchic – Millennial Festivities, Hungary
Budapest, the capital of Hungary was the host city of the festival. The story behind this millennial celebration was about the 1000th years coming of the Magyar tribe (from Asia) as the solely ancestor of the Hungarian. The initiatives were the Prussian Emperor Franz Joseph I and the Prime Minister Dr. Alexander Werkerle who engaged this celebration as a display case to the world; how magnificent the Kingdom was. Despite the unfortunate fortune the Monarch will meet, Budapest was considered the strongest Capital of …

Study Case 1
Popular – Hambacher Fest, Germany
The Hambacher celebration was found in 1832 on 27th to 30th of May. It has taken place in the city of Hambach in the Pflaz. The occurrence it self was actually a marching procession of the 30,000 citizens, men and women from the town’s market place to the Hambach Schloss’ ruins. It was a crying of demands for Liberty, Civil rights and National Unity. The performers of this rally were traders, Frenchmen, Polish, members of parliament, farmers and students. They were carrying a …