Le Corbusier was born in Switzerland in 1887. Trained as an artist, he travelled extensively through Germany and the East. In Paris he studied under Auguste Perret and absorbed the cultural and artistic life of the city. During this period he developed a keen interest in the synthesis of the various arts. His invention of :the golden section ratio” in “modulor system” was widely used for the scale of architectural proportion. He saw this system as a continuation of the long tradition of Leonardo da Vinci’s the “Vitruvius”.

Le Corbusier was influenced by the problems he saw in the industrial city. He thought that industrial buildings and housing techniques led to crowding, dirtiness, and a lack of a moral landscape. So he began to take physical form, mainly as houses which he created as “a machine for living in” and which incorporated his trademark five points of architecture. In 1922, he also presented his scheme for a “Contemporary City” for three million inhabitants.

Le Corbusier always thought big. He once proposed replacing a large part of the center of Paris with 18 sixty-story towers. He was also wrote books on interior decoration, painting and architecture. Le Corbusier placed systems of harmony and proportion at the center of his design philosophy, and his interest in the mathematical order was described to “golden section” and “fibonacci” the series. He was a tireless proselytizer, addressing the public in manifestos, pamphlets, exhibitions and his own magazine. Le Corbusier wrotes a new journal called L’Esprit Nouveau. His dictum “Architecture or Revolution”, became his rallying cry for the book Vers une architecture.

His career spanned five decades, with his iconic buildings constructed throughout central Europe, India, Russia, and one structure each in North and South America. Le Corbusier also loved Manhattan. He loved its newness, its Cartesian regularity, and besides all he loved its tall buildings. “His influence was universal and his works are invested with a permanent quality possessed by those of very few artists in our history” (notes from Lyndon B. Johnson, US President). Although he dressed like a bureaucrat, in dark suits, bow ties and round horn-rimmed glasses, he was really an artist. National Museum fo Western art Tokyo, Saddam Hussein Gymnasium, Unite de Habitation, UN Headquarter (project) and Notre Dame du Haunt were some of his creations. © ar-chi-tect.org (article wrote by several editing notes).

After finished his graduate in architecture degree in department of engineering, University of Tokyo, Tange worked at the studio of kunio Maekawa. Tange was inspired by many of Le Corbusier’s style and concept of building designs. He attended post graduate at University of Tokyo 1941. Tange later became professor in 1963. Many of his pupils later became great architects also, like Sachio Otani, Kisho Kurokawa, Arata Isozaki, and Fumihiko Maki. Kenzo Tange received several achievements and architecture awards such as AIA Gold Medal in 1966, the Order of Culture in 1980, and the order of the Sacred Treasures in 1994. Article copyright © ar-chi-tect.org, edited from wiki, http://www.tangeweb.com and other related sources.

Renzo Piano gain his experience from working with other maestros. From 1965 to 1970 Renzo worked with Louis Kahn and Makowsky. He worked together with Richard Rogers from 1971 to 1977, with their most famous joint project the Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris (1977). Renzo also had a long collaboration with the extraordinary engineer Peter Rice.

Renzo Piano had a lot of impressive works. He’s elegant in person, but also his structures are very elegant. Renzo’s masterpieces aren’t pieces of abstract sculpture, they were very humanistic. He is the designer of IBM travelling pavilion, Kansai International Airport, Osaka (1988). Renzo also was responsible for the masterplan for the reconstruction of the Potsdamer Platz, Berlin, and Shard London Bridge skyscraper (also known as the London Bridge Tower or Shard of glass) in London. Renzo Piano also achieve several honour, regarding to his recent works. Renzo won the Pritzker Architecture Prize in 1998 and is a UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador. Source edited by © ar-chi-tect.org from time.com, http://architect.architecture.sk, rpbw.r.ui-pro.com, wikipedia, and relevant literatures.

Professor Roger Trancik is an urban designer and landscape architect. Trancik known as a professor in several studies, such as Cornell University, Landscape Architecture and City and Regional Planning Harvard University, Associate Professor of Urban Design 150th Anniversary Professor of Urban Design, Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg, Sweden Professor-in-Residence, University of Colorado, Rome Program in Architecture and Urbanism Visiting Professor, Danish Royal Academy of Fine Arts, Copenhagen Professor-in-Residence, Cornell University Rome Program Director, International Studies in Landscape Architecture, Cornell University and University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

His interested were in urban space, environmental planning, and international studies in Scandinavia, Italy, and Panama, is the principal in Roger Trancik, FASLA, Urban Design Consultants. Roger Trancik’s professional projects include a downtown design plan for the City of Ithaca, a growth management plan for Yates County, New York, and a comprehensive study of the hamlets of the Adirondacks for the State of New York.

Professor Trancik was also interested in art and photographs. His exhibition of drawings and photographs, “Roman Views,” was displayed in Cornell University’s Hartell Gallery and the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts Gallery in Copenhagen.

Trancyk has won national awards for his published works including the textbook of one of his famous masterpiece, Urban Spatial Design Theory from the book: “Finding Lost Space: Theories of Urban Design,” and the educational CD-ROM, “Layers of Rome: Architecture, History and Geography of Ancient and Modern Rome.” He received a Fulbright Chair in 2004 to participate in an interdisciplinary project in Panama on heritage planning and conservation for Latin America and the Caribbean. Professor Trancik also receive the Paramount Professor Award for Excellence in Teaching at Cornell American Planners Association National Award American Society of Landscape Architects ASLA National Awards Fellow of the American Society of Landscape Architects. Source © 2007 ar-chi-tect.org, from realestate.cornell.edu, www.landscape.cornell.edu, and related literatures.

Gordon Cullen get famous by the Concice Townscape Theory. The “Townscape” book, one of Gordon Cullen’s masterpiece, illustrated with over 300 works selected from the drawings Gordon Cullen made during his lifetime, this anthology documents his influential career as an Urban Theorist, artist and illustrator from 1930 to 1990. The majority of his drawings have never been published before except in professional reports, and this book contains numerous drawings executed for the pleasure of observation as well as the product of his many consultancies.

With the assistance of family and friends, Gordon Cullen charts his life and work, comments on his contribution to 20th-century urban design, examines his graphic techniques and their application and influence, and explores his attitude to the symbolism of objects in the environment.1954-1964; The Fourth Decade: 1964-1974; The Fifth Decade: 1974-1984; The Sixth Decade: 1984-1994.

Ashihara also received awards for some of the project, such as Komazawa Olympic Gymnasium, the Sony Building, the Japan Pavilion at the Montreal Expo, the National Museum of Japanese History, and Tokyo Metropolitan Art Space. Yoshinobu Ashihara was born in Tokyo, 1918. He graduated from the University of Tokyo and received his master’s degree in architecture from Harvard University, doctoral degree from University of Tokyo. Ashihara became Honorary Professor from University of Tokyo. He died in 2003. Source © ar-chi-tect.org edited from . mitpress.mit.edu http://www.ashihara.jp, and related literatures.

If you came from architecture background, you should know or at least have heard about his name, and even has bought his books. Students of architecture classes bought Professor Ching’s books for classes, then keep them as reference sources. “Architecture: Form, Space & Order” (Van Nostrand, 1975) and “Architectural Graphics” (Van Nostrand, 1975) were bits of his masterpieces. Ching also known for his nice handwriting. Ching’s printing has been adopted by Adobe corp in its Tekton font family. Ching also achieved the Cooper-Hewitt National Design Awards 2007 for his writing.

DK. Ching was born in 1943 and spent his childhood in Hawaii. He received his B.Arch. from the University of Notre Dame in 1966, and in 1972 he joined the architecture faculty at Ohio University. Ching was, for a time, an architecture faculty member at the University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee. In about 1980s he teached at the University of Washington. DK Ching also taught at Tokyo Institute of Technology in early 1990s. About 2004, Ching retired from full-time teaching, and currently teaches part-time as Professor Emeritus. Source © ar-chi-tect.org, edited from wiki, . http://www.uwnews.org/ and related literatures.

Lynch influenced the field of city planning through his work for city design. Kevin Lynh consulted for many cities in the United States. Lynch wrote seven books and many articles include Image of the City (1960), which summarizes a 5-year study he co-directed with Gyorgy Kepes on how people perceive their cities, and more. source © edited by ar-chi-tect.org from MIT, wiki and related, picture edited from www.ub.es

Shirvani also served on the board of directors for the American Iranian Council, an NGO devoted to the normalization of relations between the United States and Iran. Shirvani’s education backgrounds are: Ph.D., Princeton University (1980), M.L.A., Harvard University (1978), M.S., Rensselaer Polytechnic University (1977), M.Arch., Pratt Institute (1975) B.Arch., Polytechnic University of Central London, UK (1974) source edited by © 2007 ar-chi-tect.org , databases from wiki, calstate.edu and related news, picture from csustan.edu